The program’s curriculum focused on real-world applications of the English language, such as talking about the weather or making phone calls. Participants in the intervention condition attended classes for 6 hours per week over a 15-week semester, in either the fall or spring. Classes were offered in morning and evening sessions at a local middle school or community center. The program served immigrants in Framingham, MA, who were learning English as a second language.

TANF recipients participating in the Transitional Community Jobs Program worked with staff at program intake to assess employment barriers and completed a drug test and basic education assessment. Those with substance use disorders were referred for substance use treatment before resuming the program. After intake, participants attended mandatory job-skills classes, which addressed work-appropriate soft skills. They also participated in weekly meetings with program staff to develop a plan to obtain employment and pursue opportunities identified by job developers.