A registered nurse visited participants at home during pregnancy and their child’s infancy. The nurse promoted healthy prenatal behaviors, parent–child interactions, and practices to encourage the child’s emotional and cognitive development. The nurse helped participants address barriers that prevented them from completing education and finding work. Mothers also received free transportation to and from scheduled prenatal care appointments. After the child was born, the child received developmental screening and referral services when they were 6, 12, and 24 months old.

Enhanced services for the YPD Plus Mentoring participants varied across sites but often included several hours of one-on-one mentoring services, individualized mentee support, or group workshops, in addition to YPD services. The duration of services varied by site. One site offered 2 to 12 weeks of work readiness classes followed by employment assistance, while another offered a 15-month weekly peer group workshops focusing on educational attainment, technological skills development, workforce readiness, and career exploration.

Standard Job Club was an eight-week program broken into three-week and five-week segments. The first segment required enrollees to attend one week of daily, eight-hour group classes on workplace behavior skills and two weeks of daily, eight-hour group classes on job search skills. The second segment required enrollees to complete five weeks of supervised job search. During this time, enrollees had to make daily trips to the Standard Job Club office, where they received individual assistance from program staff.

To continue to receive benefits, TANF participants were required to engage in employment-related activities for 32 hours per week. Program staff allowed TANF participants in the Training Focused intervention to decrease work hours per week to zero hours to pursue education and training activities, with the philosophy that eliminating the requirement to engage in work would allow participants to access the most useful education and training programs.