The employment intervention for justice-involved and substance-dependent adults offered 26 weeks of employment services, case management, and life-skills training by trained clinicians with experience in employment and substance abuse counseling. The intervention was offered in three sequential phases. The first phase, offered for four to five weeks, consisted of five one-on-one and five group sessions focused on obtaining immediate employment and initiating case management services.

Cognitive Behavioral Day Treatment Plus Abstinence-Contingent Housing, Vocational Training, and Work provided abstinence-contingent housing, paid employment training, and daily cognitive behavioral treatment to individuals experiencing homelessness and cocaine dependency in Birmingham, AL. The program transported participants from program-provided housing to job training, job interviews, and work sites.

The DT+ intervention served people experiencing homelessness who had (1) a diagnosis of cocaine or multisubstance dependence that included cocaine use and (2) a coexisting nonpsychotic mental disorder. Participants had access to (1) eight weeks of behavioral day treatment, including lunch and transportation, followed by weekly group therapy; (2) housing; (3) support with setting goals related to employment and housing; (4) vocational counseling; and (5) referrals to job opportunities.

ICM provided participants with case managers who identified barriers to entry into substance use disorder treatment, such as childcare, transportation, and housing problems, and addressed those barriers. While participants were in treatment, case managers met with them weekly and coordinated with treatment facility staff to provide other needed services. Participants received vouchers for items such as children's toys or cosmetics as an incentive to participate in treatment. Participants received case management services for 24 months.