Day Treatment Program Plus Abstinence-Contingent Work Therapy and Housing

People experiencing homeless and substance use issues were eligible to enroll in a two-stage treatment program. During the first stage, participants were in day-treatment programming for 5.5 hours each weekday and resided in shelters or other temporary housing that participants secured through referrals to other agencies. Programming included group and individual therapy and coaching focused on helping participants address their substance use issues.

Cognitive Behavioral Day Treatment Plus Abstinence-Contingent Housing, Vocational Training, and Work

Cognitive Behavioral Day Treatment Plus Abstinence-Contingent Housing, Vocational Training, and Work provided abstinence-contingent housing, paid employment training, and daily cognitive behavioral treatment to individuals experiencing homelessness and cocaine dependency in Birmingham, AL. The program transported participants from program-provided housing to job training, job interviews, and work sites.

Behavioral Day Treatment Plus Abstinence-Contingent Housing and Work Therapy (DT+) (as compared with Behavioral Day Treatment Alone [DT])

The DT+ intervention served people experiencing homelessness who had (1) a diagnosis of cocaine or multisubstance dependence that included cocaine use and (2) a coexisting nonpsychotic mental disorder. Participants had access to (1) eight weeks of behavioral day treatment, including lunch and transportation, followed by weekly group therapy; (2) housing; (3) support with setting goals related to employment and housing; (4) vocational counseling; and (5) referrals to job opportunities.

Young Parent Demonstration (YPD) Plus Mentoring as compared with YPD

Enhanced services for the YPD Plus Mentoring participants varied across sites but often included several hours of one-on-one mentoring services, individualized mentee support, or group workshops, in addition to YPD services. The duration of services varied by site. One site offered 2 to 12 weeks of work readiness classes followed by employment assistance, while another offered a 15-month weekly peer group workshops focusing on educational attainment, technological skills development, workforce readiness, and career exploration.

Rent-Free Non-Abstinence-Contingent Housing (as compared with Rent-Free Abstinence-Contingent Housing)

This program provided housing and services for adults experiencing homelessness with cocaine dependency and nonpsychotic mental disorders. The intervention was delivered in two phases:

Alabama’s Avenues to Self-Sufficiency Through Employment and Training Services (ASSETS)

ASSETS was one of the demonstration projects made possible by Section 1115 waivers to the rules in effect at the time for the AFDC program. These Section 1115 waivers allowed states to test new approaches to advance the objectives of the AFDC program.