Project-Based Transitional Housing (PBTH) (as compared with Permanent Housing Subsidy [SUB]) had the largest effects on long-term annual earnings (an average of $2,594 per year). PBTH was a housing initiative that gave families temporary, subsidized housing and case management, with the goal of helping them obtain permanent housing. This evaluation directly compared PBTH with a separate intervention, SUB, to better understand which of the two interventions might be more effective; the distinctive feature of PBTH is that families received temporary subsidized housing.
Project-Based Transitional Housing (PBTH) (as compared with Permanent Housing Subsidy [SUB]) had the largest effects on long-term employment (an average of 2 percentage points). PBTH was a housing initiative that gave families temporary, subsidized housing and case management, with the goal of helping them obtain permanent housing. This evaluation directly compared PBTH with a separate intervention, SUB, to better understand which of the two interventions might be more effective; the distinctive feature of PBTH is that families received temporary subsidized housing.
Permanent Housing Subsidy (SUB) (as compared with Project-Based Transitional Housing [PBTH]) had the largest effects on long-term benefit receipt (decreasing the amount of public benefits received by $41 per year). SUB aimed to provide housing stability for families as a means to improving their economic outcomes. This evaluation directly compared SUB with a separate intervention, PBTH, to better understand which of the two interventions might be more effective; the distinctive feature of SUB is that it provided permanent assistance with housing rental costs through state or local public housing agencies (PHAs).
Decrease long-term benefit receipt
This program provided housing and services for adults with experiencing homelessness with cocaine dependency and nonpsychotic mental disorders. The intervention was delivered in two phases:
TWE, part of the VA’s Compensated Work Therapy Program, helped participants develop work restoration plans and provided a rehabilitative work setting within the VA, other federal agencies, or private businesses in the community. TWE participants received at least 30 hours per week of structured vocational rehabilitation activities and were assigned to therapeutic work placements for six months to one year. Participants also received case management to help them gain and enhance their employment skills and find and maintain competitive employment.
TWE, part of the VA’s Compensated Work Therapy Program, helped participants develop work restoration plans and provided a rehabilitative work setting within the VA, other federal agencies, or private businesses in the community. After their participation in TWE, participants moved into CE, during which they could receive standard VA services (including VA health care, education benefits, home loan assistance, disability compensation, and vocational rehabilitation and employment assistance).
CE participants were military veterans who found unsubsidized jobs in the competitive market on their own. They received the standard VA services, including VA health care, education benefits, home loan assistance, disability compensation, and vocational rehabilitation and employment assistance, but no specific employment-focused intervention. Veterans could receive the standard services indefinitely.
