Earnings

Earnings

Center for Employment Training’s (CET’s) Minority Female Single Parent (MFSP) Program had the largest effects on long-term annual earnings (an average of $0 per year). CET provided out-of-school youth with occupational skills training and job placement assistance to prepare participants for employment and help them secure jobs.

Employment

Employment

Wider Opportunities for Women’s (WOW’s) Minority Female Single Parent (MFSP) Program had the largest effects on long-term employment (an average of 4 percentage points). WOW provided general employability preparation and basic skills and technical training courses to help non-white single parents with low incomes find nontraditional, high-paying occupations.

Public benefit receipt

Public benefit receipt

Prenatal and Infancy Home Visiting by Nurses had the largest effects on long-term benefit receipt (decreasing the amount of public benefits received by $3,054 per year). Prenatal and Infancy Home Visiting by Nurses provided home visits intended to promote family economic self-sufficiency by improving maternal life-course outcomes. The program focused on increasing employment, decreasing public benefit usage, and improving family planning.

Effects on long-term benefit receipt

$3,054

Decrease long-term benefit receipt

Education and training

Education and training

Center for Employment Training’s (CET’s) Minority Female Single Parent (MFSP) Program had the largest effects on education and training (increasing the attainment of a degree or credential by an average of 0 percentage points). CET provided out-of-school youth with occupational skills training and job placement assistance to prepare participants for employment and help them secure jobs.

Grameen America Program

Intervention (standard name)

The Grameen America program provided microfinance loans, financial literacy training, and networking opportunities to women with low incomes. Groups of five self-employed women, who knew each other and lived near one another, applied and were selected for services together. Each woman received services individually to support her unique enterprises. The Grameen America Program was administered in Union City, NJ, and served participants in the surrounding areas in northern New Jersey.

Wider Opportunities for Women’s (WOW’s) Minority Female Single Parent (MFSP) Program

WOW placed participants in specific training courses, based on standardized testing, that either provided basic education and skills training or specific technical training. Participants who scored at the sixth- or seventh-grade level on standardized testing enrolled in an 11-week basic educational skills and employability development course, followed by three weeks of unpaid work.

Minority Female Single Parent Demonstration Program (MSFP) at Opportunities Industrialization Center (OIC)

OIC’s MSFP participants completed a standardized test of their basic academic skills before being assigned to remedial courses or specific job-training programs. Remedial courses (GED, English as a second language, literacy) were assigned to those who scored below a certain threshold or lacked a high school credential and lasted three months. Participants with a high school credential and those who passed their remedial courses were assigned to six to nine months of job-specific skills training coupled with job-search training and assistance.

Public Health Nursing

Intervention (standard name)

Participants met with a public health nurse when they started the program to receive a comprehensive health assessment. The nurse also acted as a case manager to support and coordinate access to care, as well as to help participants manage and prevent diseases through primary care or referrals and health education. Participants were also given the opportunity to attend a two-hour information session about Medicaid. The program lasted nine months, and participants checked in with the nurse after three, six, and nine months.

Atlanta Urban League (AUL) Minority Female Single Parent (MFSP) Program

The MFSP program implemented by the Atlanta Urban League focused first on providing full-time adult basic education and GED instruction to women with poor reading, writing, or math skills, and then occupational skills training and additional supports once participants overcame academic barriers.