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Study Name
Outpatient Treatment versus Drop-In Center
Study Sharepoint ID
28647.01
Evaluation name
Evaluation of Three Treatment Programs for Homeless Mentally Ill People
Intervention (standard name)
Outpatient Treatment (as compared with Drop-in Center)
Strength of Evidence Tag
Low
Reason for the Rating

This study received a low study quality rating because it is a high-attrition randomized controlled trial that does not adjust estimated impacts for potentially important differences between the intervention and comparison groups.

This study received a low study quality rating because it is a high-attrition randomized controlled trial that does not adjust estimated impacts for potentially important differences between the intervention and comparison groups.

Design
Randomized controlled trial
Services
Health services
Substance use disorder treatment and mental health services
Populations targeted
Homelessness
Mental illness
Settings in which the intervention was studied
Urban only

Subgroups

Subgroup data - Female
No
Subgroup data - Male
No
Subgroup data - White
No
Subgroup data - Black
No
Count age
0
Count Young Adults
0
Count Hard-to-employ
0
Count Disability
0
Count chronically ill
0
Count mentally ill
0
Count substance dependent
0
Count formerly incarcerated
0
Count Justice involved
0
Count limited work history
0
Count homeless
0
Count immigrants
0
Count refugees
0
Count veterans
0
Count female
0
Count Male
0
Count Any postsecondary education
0
Count With a high school diploma or GED
0
Count No high school diploma or GED
0
Count Married
0
Count Parents
0
Count Single Parents
0
Count Non-Custodial Parents
0
Count Employed
0
Count Self employed
0
Count Unemployed
0
Count Disconnected/discouraged workers
0
Count general low-income population
0
Count Very low income (as classified by the authors)
0
Count welfare population
0
Count long-term welfare recipients
0
Count Asian
0
Count Black or African American
0
Count Hispanic or Latino of any race
0
Count American Indian or Alaska Native
0
Count Pacific islander
0
Count White
0
Count White not Hispanic
0
Count More than one race
0
Count Unknown race
0
Count another race
0
Percent mentally ill
100.00
Percent homeless
100.00
Percent female
42.00
Percent Male
58.00
Percent White not Hispanic
47.50
Percent another race
52.50
Mean age
33.70
Group formation formatted

From 1988 to 1989, researchers screened 238 individuals experiencing homelessness for participation in the project, and 178 met the following selection criteria: a severe psychiatric disorder, no history of violent behavior, and an intention to stay in the St. Louis area for the duration of the study. Researchers initially assigned 50 participants to each of three conditions, with equal probabilities of assignment. We review two of these conditions here. However, because several participants refused or dropped out between study enrollment and the beginning of the intervention, researchers identified additional eligible participants and randomly assigned them to one of the conditions. Because more clients dropped out in certain conditions than others, the final participant sample varied in size across conditions. Sixty-four participants were ultimately assigned to the intervention condition, and 62 were assigned to the comparison condition reviewed here. Fifty-two participants were assigned to a third condition that we do not review.

Study timing formatted

The intervention was studied over 12 months spanning 1988 to 1989.

Implementing organization formatted

Missouri Department of Mental Health and public daytime drop-in centers in St. Louis

Treatment condition formatted

The intervention condition was traditional outpatient treatment provided by a state mental health clinic. The outpatient clinic provided psychotherapy, psychiatric medication, and assistance in obtaining social services from clinicians and other administrative staff.

Comparison condition formatted

The comparison condition was one of two drop-in centers (one exclusive to women, one for both genders) for people with a mental illness who were also experiencing homelessness. Drop-in centers provided daytime shelter, food, clothing, showers, recreational activities, and referrals to social services via on-site social workers.

Mandatory services formatted

None

Setting details formatted

The study took place in St. Louis, MO. Intervention services were provided at a mental health clinic at the Missouri Department of Mental Health. Comparison services were provided by two daytime drop-in centers for homeless persons with a mental illness.

Delivered by public or private entity?
Public
Secondary domains examined

Client satisfaction; Days homeless; Psychiatric symptoms; Self esteem; Alienation; Interpersonal adjustment; Alcohol consumption

Earliest publication year
1992
Most recent publication year
1992
Manuscripts
28647
SRG File Path
http://example.com
Check edits flag
No
Primary Service
Substance use disorder treatment and mental health services
Subgroup data - Hispanic
No