Earnings
Project-Based Transitional Housing (PBTH) (as compared with Permanent Housing Subsidy [SUB]) had the largest effects on long-term annual earnings (an average of $2,594 per year). PBTH was a housing initiative that gave families temporary, subsidized housing and case management, with the goal of helping them obtain permanent housing. This evaluation directly compared PBTH with a separate intervention, SUB, to better understand which of the two interventions might be more effective; the distinctive feature of PBTH is that families received temporary subsidized housing.
Employment
Project-Based Transitional Housing (PBTH) (as compared with Permanent Housing Subsidy [SUB]) had the largest effects on long-term employment (an average of 2 percentage points). PBTH was a housing initiative that gave families temporary, subsidized housing and case management, with the goal of helping them obtain permanent housing. This evaluation directly compared PBTH with a separate intervention, SUB, to better understand which of the two interventions might be more effective; the distinctive feature of PBTH is that families received temporary subsidized housing.
Public benefit receipt
Permanent Housing Subsidy (SUB) (as compared with Project-Based Transitional Housing [PBTH]) had the largest effects on long-term benefit receipt (decreasing the amount of public benefits received by $41 per year). SUB aimed to provide housing stability for families as a means to improving their economic outcomes. This evaluation directly compared SUB with a separate intervention, PBTH, to better understand which of the two interventions might be more effective; the distinctive feature of SUB is that it provided permanent assistance with housing rental costs through state or local public housing agencies (PHAs).
Effects on long-term benefit receipt
$41
Decrease long-term benefit receipt
Permanent Housing Subsidy (SUB)
Intervention (standard name)
SUB provided permanent assistance with housing rental costs through state or local public housing agencies. As long as families had at least one child age 15 or younger, met low-income criteria, had no drug-related convictions, and paid rent on time, they could continue to receive a housing subsidy indefinitely. Housing subsidies were typically provided as a housing choice voucher, which participants could use to rent housing that met the U.S.
Permanent Housing Subsidy (SUB) (as compared with Community-Based Rapid Rehousing [CBRR])
Intervention (standard name)
SUB provided permanent assistance with housing rental costs through state or local PHAs. As long as families had at least one child age 15 or younger, met low-income criteria, had no drug-related convictions, and paid rent on time, they could continue to receive a housing subsidy indefinitely. Housing subsidies were typically provided as a housing choice voucher, which participants could use to rent housing that met the U.S.
Community-Based Rapid Rehousing (CBRR)
Intervention (standard name)
CBRR provided families with immediate temporary housing and rental assistance. Most families also received services while in temporary housing, which helped them search for permanent housing. These services included assistance with upfront moving costs, limited case management, and housing search assistance and placement. Families were eligible for CBRR for up to 18 months, but most received 7 to 8 months of assistance. Families were eligible for CBRR if they had spent a week or longer in an emergency homeless shelter and had a child age 15 or younger.
Permanent Housing Subsidy (SUB) (as compared with Project-Based Transitional Housing [PBTH])
Intervention (standard name)
SUB provided permanent assistance with housing rental costs through state or local PHAs. As long as families remained eligible (for example, met low-income criteria and had no drug-related convictions) and compliant (for example, paid rent on time), they could continue receiving the housing subsidy indefinitely. Housing subsidies were typically provided as a housing choice voucher, which intervention participants could use to rent housing that met the U.S.