Earnings

Earnings

Broadened Horizons, Brighter Futures (BHBF) had the largest effects on long-term annual earnings (an average of $3,900 per year). BHBF aimed to improve economic self-sufficiency among youth receiving disability benefits from the Social Security Administration (SSA) through person-centered planning (PCP), employment and education services, case management, financial work incentives, work-based experience, and job development.

Employment

Employment

Broadened Horizons, Brighter Futures (BHBF) had the largest effects on long-term employment (an average of 3 percentage points). BHBF aimed to improve economic self-sufficiency among youth receiving disability benefits from the Social Security Administration (SSA) through person-centered planning (PCP), employment and education services, case management, financial work incentives, work-based experience, and job development.

Public benefit receipt

Public benefit receipt

Transitional Employment Training had the largest effects on long-term benefit receipt (decreasing the amount of public benefits received by $0 per year). Transitional Employment Training was a work training program for people receiving Supplemental Security Income (SSI). It aimed to help them participate in the labor market by providing job training and transition-to-work support services.

Effects on long-term benefit receipt

$0

Decrease long-term benefit receipt

Education and training

Education and training

Transition WORKS had the largest effects on education and training (increasing the attainment of a degree or credential by an average of 28 percentage points). Transition WORKS aimed to empower youth receiving disability benefits from the Social Security Administration (SSA) and improve their economic self-sufficiency through a series of workshops focused on self-determination, education and employment services, case management, financial incentives, work-based experience, and job development.

U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Transitional Work Experience (TWE) [as compared with Typical Services for Competitively Employed Veterans (CE)]

TWE, part of the VA Compensated Work Therapy Program, helped participants develop work restoration plans and provided a real, rehabilitative work setting within the VA, other federal agencies, or private businesses in the community. TWE participants received at least 30 hours per week of structured vocational rehabilitation activities and were assigned to therapeutic work placements for six months to one year. Participants also received case management to help them gain and enhance their employment skills and find and maintain competitive employment.

U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Transitional Work Experience (TWE) Followed by Typical Services for Competitively Employed Veterans (CE) (as compared with CE Only)

TWE, part of the VA’s Compensated Work Therapy Program, helped participants develop work restoration plans and provided a rehabilitative work setting within the VA, other federal agencies, or private businesses in the community. After their participation in TWE, participants moved into CE, during which they could receive standard VA services (including the VA health care, education benefits, home loan assistance, disability compensation, and vocational rehabilitation and employment assistance).

U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Transitional Work Experience (TWE)

TWE, part of the VA’s Compensated Work Therapy Program, helped participants develop work restoration plans and provided a rehabilitative work setting within the VA, other federal agencies, or private businesses in the community. TWE participants received at least 30 hours per week of structured vocational rehabilitation activities and were assigned to therapeutic work placements for six months to one year. Participants also received case management to help them gain and enhance their employment skills and find and maintain competitive employment.

U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Individual Placement and Support (IPS) Employment Services

As part of the VA’s IPS program, an employment specialist worked with a larger team of clinicians and support staff to integrate treatment of underlying mental and physical health issues into the employment services for veterans experiencing homelessness. The employment specialist assessed participants’ vocational abilities and helped tailor an accelerated job search based on their strengths and preferences.