Earnings

Earnings

Year Up had the largest effects on long-term annual earnings (an average of $12,466 per year). Year Up offered training and work experience in the information technology and investment operations fields to young adults to help them access careers with good pay and advancement opportunities.

Employment

Employment

Project Quality Employment Through Skills Training (QUEST) had the largest effects on long-term employment (an average of 8 percentage points). Project QUEST provides financial resources and supportive services to people with low income to help them complete occupational training programs, pass certification exams and obtain credentials, and access well-paying jobs in the health care industry.

Public benefit receipt

Public benefit receipt

Good Transitions had the largest effects on long-term benefit receipt (decreasing the amount of public benefits received by $433 per year). Good Transitions served noncustodial parents with low income by providing subsidized employment combined with case management and training to help them connect to stable employment.

Effects on long-term benefit receipt

$433

Decrease long-term benefit receipt

Education and training

Education and training

Towards Employment WorkAdvance Program had the largest effects on education and training (increasing the attainment of a degree or credential by an average of 27 percentage points). The WorkAdvance model aims to meet the needs of less-skilled workers and local employers by providing training and employment services in fields with high local demand.

Health Profession Opportunity Grants (HPOG) 1.0—Facilitated Peer Support

HPOG aimed to prepare participants for careers in health care occupations that paid well and were expected to experience labor shortages or increased demand. HPOG 1.0—Facilitated Peer Support grantees provided standard HPOG services and, to a subset of participants, the option to participate in a peer support group facilitated by a professional familiar with adult learning theory and the HPOG program. The peer support meetings were an opportunity to discuss available HPOG and community resources and challenges that participants might face in HPOG.

Health Profession Opportunity Grants (HPOG) 1.0—Noncash Incentives

HPOG aimed to prepare participants for careers in health care occupations that paid well and were expected to experience labor shortages or increased demand. HPOG 1.0—Noncash Incentives grantees provided standard HPOG services and, to a subset of participants, the option to receive noncash incentives worth up to $1,000 per person. These participants were able to earn points for achieving program milestones, such as completing key courses or obtaining or retaining employment.

Health Profession Opportunity Grants (HPOG) 1.0—Emergency Assistance

HPOG aimed to prepare participants for careers in health care occupations that paid well and were expected to experience labor shortages or increased demand. HPOG 1.0 Emergency Assistance grantees provided standard HPOG services and, to a subset of participants, the option to receive emergency assistance to cover unexpected expenses. These expenses could include car repair, child care, eviction prevention, and utility payments.

Next STEP (Subsidized Transitional Employment Program)

Next STEP participants received 2 weeks of work-readiness training and then worked with a job developer to search for a private job with subsidized wages. The subsidized job lasted for 16 weeks, with a full subsidy for 8 weeks and a half subsidy for the subsequent 8 weeks. All employers agreed to retain participants if they did well, and hired participants were invited to quarterly job retention meetings. In addition to subsidized employment, participants had access to case management, mental health services, financial incentives, and legal assistance.

Individualized Job Search Assistance with Training (IJSA+)

Six to seven weeks into unemployment, participants were required to report to a job service orientation session. At the orientation, the participants were given information about the services available to them and were scheduled for an assessment interview. The orientation for IJSA+, unlike for IJSA and Structured Job Search Assistance (SJSA), included a coordinated effort with the local Economic Dislocation and Worker Adjustment Act staff to enroll interested participants in training.

Individualized Job Search Assistance (IJSA)

Intervention (standard name)

Six to seven weeks into unemployment, participants were required to report to a job service orientation session. At the orientation, participants received information about IJSA services and scheduled an assessment interview. During the assessment interview, staff developed an individual service plan for the participant. Individual service plans varied, but the services specified in the plan were mandatory.

Structured Job Search Assistance (SJSA)

Intervention (standard name)

Six to seven weeks after submitting a UI claim, participants were required to report to a job service orientation session. After orientation, they completed a one-on-one assessment of their aptitude and interests and participated in a 15-hour job-search workshop. Participants were required to have at least two additional contacts with staff after these initial activities to report on their job search progress.

Carreras en Salud (Careers in Health) Program

Intervention (standard name)

The program, operated by Instituto del Progreso Latino, offered tuition-free instruction in English as a Second Language (ESL) with a focus on language skills for the health care industry and two 16-week courses designed to (1) improve reading and math skills to prepare participants for an LPN program and (2) develop basic vocational skills for the health care industry. The program also helped participants apply to CNA and LPN courses at local colleges, including assistance in applying for financial aid.

Good Transitions

Intervention (standard name)

After two days of initial skills assessment, Good Transitions participants were placed in a subsidized job at Goodwill Industries stores. An on-site job coach provided feedback and support while program staff provided case management and job development services. After one month at the Goodwill position, Good Transitions placed participants in a new position, with less on-site support and coaching than the Goodwill position, for about three months.