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This study uses a quasi-experimental design that compares (1) outcomes for an intervention group composed of people who chose to participate in intensive case management (ICM) both before and after being released from prison with (2) outcomes for a comparison group composed of people who chose to participate in ICM only before being released from prison. All study participants were women released from a Kentucky state prison from August 2009 to December 31, 2012.
Authors examine outcomes for individuals released from a state prison between August 2009 and December 2012.
Kentucky Department of Corrections
Intervention group members were women released from a state prison and returning to the northern Kentucky area who received intensive case management (ICM) both while in prison and after release. This intensive care model involved case managers working with a participant while she was incarcerated to determine her needs and goals and to establish a Reentry Plan for support once she was released into the community. Once the participant was released from prison, case managers connected participants to mental and physical health treatment, employment, education, and housing services. Once in the program, staff were available to participants 24 hours a day for case management, and there were no limits to the duration of participation. Mental and physical health treatment services included direct referrals for mental health, substance use disorders, and medical and dental treatment, and assistance following treatment recommendations. Employment services included support with resume writing, interview skills, and obtaining work clothes. Education services included connecting participants with GED classes and support with completing applications for college and the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA). Housing services included helping participants obtain safe housing that suited their needs (for example, placement in a halfway house). Case managers supported participants in meeting basic needs, such as helping them obtain identification documents and apply for public benefit receipt. They also taught participants healthy coping and general life skills, provided legal advocacy (for example, by attending court with the participant), gave transportation assistance (for example, by providing bus tickets), and assisted participants during crises.
Comparison group members were women released from a state prison and returning to the northern Kentucky area who received ICM only while in prison and not after release. These participants worked with case managers while in prison to assess their needs and establish a Reentry Plan, and may have received some services while in prison. However, these participants did not receive assistance, supports, or referrals to services upon their release from prison.
None
ICM services were offered to inmates at Kentucky Correctional Institution for Women in Pewee Valley, KY, and to the same women once they were released. Case managers met participants at the prison while they were incarcerated to provide services and in the community upon their release.
Housing; Substance use and mental health treatment receipt; Recidivism