Earnings

Earnings

Transitional Jobs Reentry Demonstration (TJRD) had the largest effects on long-term annual earnings (an average of $1,094 per year). The TJRD provided people who were formerly incarcerated with job search and placement assistance and subsidized employment opportunities to help reduce recidivism and increase self-sufficiency among participants.

Employment

Employment

Abstinence-Contingent Wage Supplements for Drug Use had the largest effects on long-term employment (an average of 18 percentage points). Abstinence-Contingent Wage Supplements for Drug Use was designed to promote drug abstinence and vocational entry among unemployed adults in treatment for opioid use disorder by providing financial incentives dependent on verified abstinence.

Public benefit receipt

Public benefit receipt

Re-Integration of Ex-Offenders (RExO) Program had the largest effects on long-term benefit receipt (decreasing the amount of public benefits received by $0 per year). The RExO program aimed to promote employment and reduce recidivism by providing case management, mentoring, and other employment services to people recently released from prison.

Effects on long-term benefit receipt

$0

Decrease long-term benefit receipt

Education and training

Education and training

Bridges to Pathways (Bridges) had the largest effects on education and training (increasing the attainment of a degree or credential by an average of 4 percentage points). Bridges offered educational services and subsidized internships to help Chicago male youth with previous justice system involvement earn a GED and find employment.

Roca Pay for Success Pilot Program (Roca PFS Pilot)

The Roca Pay for Success Pilot Program (Roca PFS Pilot) adapted an existing program focused on justice-involved youth to support men ages 17-24 who were on adult probation and aging out of foster care by connecting them to youth workers and providing individualized employment services, transitional employment, job placement, and post-employment follow up. Strong participant engagement with youth workers trained in evidence-based and clinical techniques of behavior change was a core component of the Roca PFS.

Empowering Lives through Education, Vocational Assessment, Training, and Employment (ELEVATE)

Empowering Lives through Education, Vocational Assessment, Training, and Employment (ELEVATE) provided individualized case management, employment, parenting, and child support services to noncustodial parents who were unemployed or underemployed to improve their workforce participation and child support compliance. Services included individualized assessments for employment, parenting, and other needs and case management to provide monitoring and referrals to additional services as needed.

Center for Employment Opportunities Prisoner Reentry Program Pay for Success Pilot

The Center for Employment Opportunities Prisoner Reentry Program (CEO Prisoner Reentry) was a 4-6 month program to help parolees get a job, make money, and build workplace skills. The Pay for Success (PFS) Pilot program adapted the CEO  program by targeting participants with higher risks of recidivism, participation being a special condition of parole rather than a voluntary program, and increasing resources for outreach and communication with parole officers.

Palm Beach County Transitional Employment Program

The Palm Beach County Transitional Employment Program (PBC TEP) was designed as an enhanced voluntary reentry intervention for adults at higher risk of re-offending that added 8-12 weeks of subsidized transitional employment, structured cognitive behavioral interventions, and job readiness/life skills workshops to standard reentry services.Subsidized transitional employment was in one of three industries: construction, kitchen, or warehouse/retail. The structured cognitive behavioral interventions included CBI-Employment Adult and Moral Reconation Therapy.

Paid Transitional Housing

Intervention (standard name)

The Paid Transitional Housing pilot was a reentry housing intervention that fully covered rent at transitional housing facilities for a period of 3 months, targeting male adults who were entering re-entry centers 8 weeks from their release date and at higher recidivism risk. The program aimed to improve housing stability, employment, and recidivism outcomes. All participants received existing transitional housing services at re-entry centers focused on job readiness. Other voluntary services offered included classes on mental health, parenting, and financial management.

Minnesota Vocational Education for Incarcerated People

Minnesota Vocational Education for Incarcerated People was provided to individuals incarcerated in state department of corrections facilities who have a high school diploma or GED and included certified vocational certificate programs and career and employability skills training. Available vocational education programs included barbering and cosmetology, construction, manufacturing, mechanical design and drafting, business management, and computer careers. Instructors had to be certified by the Minnesota Correctional Education Center.

Abstinence-Contingent Wage Supplements for Drug Use

Abstinence-Contingent Wage Supplements for Drug Use was designed to promote drug abstinence and vocational entry among unemployed adults in treatment for opioid use disorder by providing financial incentives dependent on verified abstinence. During the 12-month program period, unemployed participants could earn up to 20 hours per week of wages for engaging in job-seeking activities with an employment specialist, at $10 per hour. Employed participants could receive wage supplements for verified hours worked, capped at $8 per hour for up to 40 hours per week.