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The study authors used a propensity score–matching method to construct the intervention and comparison groups. Intervention group participants were young adults, ages 18 to 24, enrolled in the @LIKE program between January 2013 and October 2014. To be eligible for the program, youth could not be in school, working, or serving in the armed forces, and they had to have low income, be gang involved, be an ex-offender, receive public assistance, or be a recently separated veteran. Using propensity score matching, study authors matched the 664 program participants to young adults receiving Workforce Investment Act (WIA)/Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA) services in the same counties at the same time as intervention group participants were enrolled in @LIKE. The propensity score matching was based on demographic characteristics, educational attainment, measures of socioeconomic status, employment, criminal justice involvement, and disability status.
Individuals were enrolled in the @LIKE program (intervention group) or WIA/WIOA programs (comparison group) between January 2013 and October 2014. Follow-up ended in March 2016.
Local workforce boards
The intervention group consisted of disconnected youth, ages 18 to 24, enrolled in the @LIKE program in Imperial, Riverside, and San Bernardino counties in southern California between January 2013 and October 2014. @LIKE program participants received individualized services, including soft-skills training; supportive services; work-readiness services; career exploration and work experience opportunities, including internships, apprenticeships, and on-the-job training; and education and training services. Services were provided by case managers and life coaches. Life coaches focused on personal issues and improving participants' confidence, and case managers coordinated service and administrative needs.
The comparison group consisted of youth ages 18 to 24 in Imperial, Riverside, and San Bernardino counties who participated in WIA or WIOA programs during the same time period as the intervention group received @LIKE services. Comparison group members had access to services that were similar to those provided by @LIKE, but they did not have a case manager or life coach, and services for comparison group members were less individualized and intensive.
None.
The average participant spent 699 hours receiving services from the @LIKE program.
The @LIKE program impact study took place in Riverside, San Bernardino, and Imperial Counties in southern California.