The Roca Pay for Success Pilot Program (Roca PFS Pilot) adapted an existing program focused on justice-involved youth to support men ages 17-24 who were on adult probation and aging out of foster care by connecting them to youth workers and providing individualized employment services, transitional employment, job placement, and post-employment follow up. Strong participant engagement with youth workers trained in evidence-based and clinical techniques of behavior change was a core component of the Roca PFS.

The Center for Employment Opportunities Prisoner Reentry Program (CEO Prisoner Reentry) was a 4-6 month program to help parolees get a job, make money, and build workplace skills. The Pay for Success (PFS) Pilot program adapted the CEO  program by targeting participants with higher risks of recidivism, participation being a special condition of parole rather than a voluntary program, and increasing resources for outreach and communication with parole officers.

California Bridge Academy provided enhanced SNAP Employment and Training (E&T) Services, including 18 months of intensive case management, GED preparation classes, referrals to occupational skills training or postsecondary education, subsidized employment, job search assistance, support services, and financial incentives for upgrading skill and remaining in services.

The IPS model provides customized and long-term vocational, case management, and mental health services to youth experiencing homelessness to help them get a job and maintain their employment. The model follows eight supported-employment principles, all of which relate to theories of psychiatric recovery. IPS participants were assigned to an employment specialist, case manager, and clinician at study enrollment. All study staff were co-located to integrate mental health services with job search supports.

The intervention included enhanced behavioral, medical, and dental services that augmented participants’ standard county health benefits. Services included treatment for chemical dependence, psychological and neuropsychological assessments, and prescription medications above the three-per-month Medicaid limit. The intervention eliminated co-payments for prescription drugs and outpatient services and improved participants’ access to mental health services.